qarTuli kultura: qaluri, mamakacuri, bavSvuri
avtori: gaga niJaraZe
IBM, mogexsenebaT, erT-erTi udidesi kompaniaa msoflioSi. misi filialebi da sawarmoebi xuTive kontinentis ramdenime aTeul qveyanaSia ganTavsebuli. maTi menejerebi, bunebrivia, sxvadasxva eris warmomadgenlebi arian, magram yvela maTgani standartul momzadebas gadioda programiT, romelic dafuZnebuli iyo amerikuli menejmentis Teoriisa da praqtikis saukeTeso miRwevebze. droTa ganmavlobaSi gamoikveTa damafiqrebeli faqti – amgvarad momzadebuli menejerebi gansxvavebul qveynebSi, gansxvavebuli warmatebiT uZRvebodnen sawarmoebs. cxadi gaxda, rom menejmentis amerikuli modeli universaluri araa; saqmis warmatebuli gaZRolisaTvis aucilebelia ama Tu im qveynis kulturuli Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswineba.
kompaniam ar daiSura saxsrebi da daafinansa socialuri fsiqologiis istoriaSi erT-erTiyvelaze masStaburi gamokvleva, romelsac saTaveSi Caudga holandieli mecnieri g. hofstede. gamokiTxul iqna aTiaTasobiT adamiani 60-ze met qveyanaSi, dagrovda uzarmazari informacia, romlis damuSavebis Sedegad hoftedem ara marto gamoaswora IBM-is “Camor-Cenili~ filialebis mdgomareoba (kvlevis Semdeg menejerTa momzadebis programaSi saTanado koreqtivebi Seitanes), aramed kulturis fsiqologias axali Teoriac SesTavaza. am Teoriis mixedviT, arsebobs oTxi e.w. “kulturuli ganzomileba~; saTanado statistikuri masalis damuSavebis Sedegad TiToeul maTganze ama Tu im kulturas miewereba garkveuli ricxviTi mniSvneloba, romelTa Tanafardoba gansazRvravs kulturis “profils~.
erT-erTi aseTi ganzomilebaa maskulinoba-feminoba, romelic gviCvenebs ramdenad, pirobiTad rom vTqvaT, qaluria Tu mamakacuria esa Tu is kultura. maskulinur kulturebSi tradiciuli mamakacuri Rirebulebebi mTel sazogadoebas msWvalaven, da maT qalebic iziareben. amgvari kulturebisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia mamakacisa da qalis socialuri rolebis mkveTri gamijnva da normireba; arsebobs mamakacuri da qaluri profesiebi, saqmianoba da maTi aRreva dauSvebelia (magaliTad, qali ar unda ijdes saWesTan); qalis cxovreba ufro mkacradaa normirebuli, xolo wesis darRvevisaTvis mas ufro mZime sasjeli elis, vidre kacs; sazogadoebrivi faseulobani dakavSirebulia miRwevasTan, gmirobasTan, gamarjvebasTan; fasobs “yvelaze-yvelaze~ - yvelaze didi, yvelaze maRali da misT. msoflios ganviTarebul kulturebSi (gasagebia, rom preindustriul etapze myofi kulturebi IBM-s naklebad ainteresebda) maskulinobis yvelaze maRali indeqsi aRiniSna iaponiaSi; Semdeg, soliduri CamorCeniT, modian germanul-enovani kulturebi.
feminur kulturebSi dominanturi Rirebulebebia isini, romlebic tradiciulad qalis rols ukavSirdebian: Tavmdabloba, cxovrebis xarisxi (komforti da daculoba), daxmarebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT sustebis mimarT, mzadyofna, bunebriv garemoze zrunva, urTierToba fulze Zvirfasia, lamazia ara “yvelaze didi~, aramed patara da koxta. feminurobis maCvenebliT lideroben skandinaviis qveynebi da holandia (gavixsenoT, am qveynebis mosaxleobis didi nawili, ZiriTadad, mrisxane vikingebis STamomavlobas warmoadgens!).
yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebSi hofstedes gamokvleva ar Catarebula. miuxedavad amisa, mainc SeiZleba zogierTi daskvnis gakeTeba maskulinoba-feminurobis TvalsazrisiT. magaliTad, rusul kulturaSi yvelaze popularuli wmindanebi iyvnen ara rwmenisaTvis Tavdadebuli gmirebi, aramed udanaSaulo msxverplebi - borisi da glebi, ufliswuli dimitri. es ki feminuri niSania. amasTan, rusuli kulturisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli swrafva grandiozuli Senobebisa Tu proeqtebisadmi am kulturaSi Zlier maskulinur sawyiszedac miuTiebs. ase rom, “Sereuli~ kulturebic arsebobs.
Tu maskulinoba-feminobis TvalsazrisiT qarTul kultu-ras ganvixilavT, erTob rTuli suraTi warmogvidgeba. erTi SexedviT, Cveni kultura calsaxad maskulinuria - xelmZRvanel postebze mamakacebi bevrad sWarboben qalebs, ojaxSi biWis gaCena, Cveulebriv, ufro sasurvelia, qalebis cxovrebis normebi, gansakuTrebiT seqsis sferoSi, gacilebiT ufro mkacria; da saerTod, sazogadoebriv warmodgenaSi mamakaci ufro Wkviani da “srulyofili~ arsebaa, vidre qali.
magram Tu ufro Rrmad CavukvirdebiT, saqmis viTareba sxvagvarad warmogvidgeba. qarTul kulturaSi wamyvani Rirebulebaa urTierToba da ara saqme, rac feminuri niSania. Cveni erovnuli simbolo qalia – qarTlis deda, romelic, ar dagvaviwydes, mamakacuri atributebiTaa aRWurvili. yvelaze popularuli istoriuli figuraa - Tamar mefe. zogadad ki yvelaze mniSvnelovani da saTayvano socialuri roli saqarTveloSi aris deda (rasakvirvelia, dedis cneba sxva kulturebSic umniSvnelovanesia, magram saqarTveloSi mas mainc gansakuTrebuli datvirTva aqvs).
cnobilma fsiqologma erix fromma Semoitana “dedobrivi~ da “mamobrivi~ siyvarulis cneba. dedobrivi siyvaruli upiroboa – rogorc ar unda moiqces Svili, ra uaryofiTi Tvisebebi ar hqondes – mas ar emuqreba mSoblis siyvarulis dakargva an Tundac Sesusteba. mamobrivi siyvaruli ki ganpirobebulia – Tu Svili raRac pirobebs ar Seasrulebs, igi aRar eyvarebaT. siyvarulis aRwerili tipebi SeiZleba akavSirebdes ara marto mSoblebs da Svilebs, aramed nebismieri sqesisa da erTmaneTTan sxvadasxva damokidebulebaSi myof adamianebs – megobrebs, naTesavebs da a.S. fromis azriT, Tanamedrove dasavleTis bevri problema gansazRvrulia imiT, rom aq mamobrivma siyvarulma praqtikulad gandevna dedobrivi; urTierTobebi, maT Soris ojaxuri, formalizebulia, gulwrfeli grZnobebi ewireba karieris, saqmis moTxovnebs. qarTul kulturaSi saqme sawinaaRmdegodaa: “Cemiani~ yovelTvis marTalia, saqmis interesebi daqvemdebarebulia araformaluri urTierTobis normebs, erTi sityviT, dedobrivi tipis urTierTobebia gamefebuli.
dedobrivi tipis urTierTobaTa siWarbe qarTul kultu-raSi ganapirobebs bavSvis aRzrdis stils da am aRzrdis saboloo “produqtsac~. aRzrdis qarTuli stilisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia bavSi-saTvis maqsimaluri komfortisa da zrunvis atmosferos Seqmna, misi problemebis mogvareba mSoblebis mier, Svilis aRqma ara rogorc momavali suverenuli pirovnebisa, aramed mSoblebis ganuyofeli nawilisa. Sedegad bavSvebs da, Sesabamisad mozrdilebs, romlebadac iqcevian es bavSvebi, axasiaTebT nebelobis mkveTri deficiti. nebeloba fsiqikuri funqciaa, romlis meSveobiTac adamiani amJamad arasasurvel qcevas mimarTavs, an cnobierad iTmens gasaWirs, momavali jildos imediT (magaliTad, arcTu saintereso sagans swavlobs im rwmeniT, rom es momaval profesiul saqmianobaSi daexmareba). swored es Tviseba (romelic mamakacurad iTvleba) sruliad ar inergeba qarTuli tradiciuli, ojaxuri Tu saskolo, pedagogikis mier. es ki gansazRvravs bevr iseT problemebs, romlebic ase mZimed awevs dRevandel saqarTvelos. mTeli Cveni sazogadoeba, saSualo individiT Tu ojaxiT dawyebuli da saxelmwifos mmarTveli wreebiT damTavrebuli, orienti-rebulia dRevandel dReze da sruliad ar fiqrobs momavalze. ufro sworad, gvaqvs sakmaod bundovani rwmena, rom Tu raRac moxdeba, gamosavalic moiZebneba - vinme dagvexmareba, naTesavebi, megobrebi an amerika, - rogorc deda gvexmareboda bavSvobaSi.
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom qarTuli kultura infantilizmis, anu umwifarobis, bavSvurobis, daRiTaa aRbeWdili, da swored es gansazRvravs mamakacuri da qaluri niSnebis erTob ucnaur kombinacias Cvens sazogadoebaSi. aq unda veZioT dedis socialuri rolis, centraluri adgili Cvens cxovrebaSi. Cven gvsurs bavSvebad davrCeT, amisaTvis ki mudmivad gvWirdeba deda. xSirad qarTveli mamakaci colSic dedas eZiebs (rac zogjer seriozul konfliqts iwvevs namdvil dedasTan). saboloo jamSi ki viRebT Cveni cxovrebis wess: nominaluri lideri mamakacia, realuri ki - qali, ufro zustad ki deda. swored qali iRebs umeteswilad gadawyvetilebas, rogor daixarjos ojaxuri biujeti, sad iswavlos bavSvma, rogor daojaxdes... magram es xdeba ara marto ojaxis doneze - gavixsenoT, rogori gavleniT sargeblobdnen qveynis pirveli pirebis colebi, madam mJavanaZiT dawyebuli...
aRwerili viTareba araa jansaRi - sazogadoeba an maskulinuri unda iyos, an feminuri; infantilur sazogadoebas mxolod daqvemdebarebuli qveynis statusiT SeuZlia arseboba - swored amitom vcxovrobdiT ase udardelad sabWoTa kavSirSi. axla udardelad veRar vcxovrobT - da verc vicxovrebT veRarasodes. magram SegviZlia, rom ukeTesad vicxovroT - im SemTxvevaSi, Tu CavxedavT sakuTar Tavs, momavals SevxedavT da vipoviT CvenSi Zalas, SevcvaloT cxovrebis Cveuli wesi istoriis moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad.
gagas sxva statiebi Cem blogze:
1.http://taktaka.blogspot.com/2006/03/qartuli-sazogadoeba-dres-adaptaciuri.html
2.http://taktaka.blogspot.com/2006/03/blog-post.html
3.http://taktaka.blogspot.com/2006/03/we-they-culture-and-conflict.html
4.http://taktaka.blogspot.com/2006/03/time-at-cinema-and-time-at-life.html
avtori: gaga niJaraZe
IBM, mogexsenebaT, erT-erTi udidesi kompaniaa msoflioSi. misi filialebi da sawarmoebi xuTive kontinentis ramdenime aTeul qveyanaSia ganTavsebuli. maTi menejerebi, bunebrivia, sxvadasxva eris warmomadgenlebi arian, magram yvela maTgani standartul momzadebas gadioda programiT, romelic dafuZnebuli iyo amerikuli menejmentis Teoriisa da praqtikis saukeTeso miRwevebze. droTa ganmavlobaSi gamoikveTa damafiqrebeli faqti – amgvarad momzadebuli menejerebi gansxvavebul qveynebSi, gansxvavebuli warmatebiT uZRvebodnen sawarmoebs. cxadi gaxda, rom menejmentis amerikuli modeli universaluri araa; saqmis warmatebuli gaZRolisaTvis aucilebelia ama Tu im qveynis kulturuli Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswineba.
kompaniam ar daiSura saxsrebi da daafinansa socialuri fsiqologiis istoriaSi erT-erTiyvelaze masStaburi gamokvleva, romelsac saTaveSi Caudga holandieli mecnieri g. hofstede. gamokiTxul iqna aTiaTasobiT adamiani 60-ze met qveyanaSi, dagrovda uzarmazari informacia, romlis damuSavebis Sedegad hoftedem ara marto gamoaswora IBM-is “Camor-Cenili~ filialebis mdgomareoba (kvlevis Semdeg menejerTa momzadebis programaSi saTanado koreqtivebi Seitanes), aramed kulturis fsiqologias axali Teoriac SesTavaza. am Teoriis mixedviT, arsebobs oTxi e.w. “kulturuli ganzomileba~; saTanado statistikuri masalis damuSavebis Sedegad TiToeul maTganze ama Tu im kulturas miewereba garkveuli ricxviTi mniSvneloba, romelTa Tanafardoba gansazRvravs kulturis “profils~.
erT-erTi aseTi ganzomilebaa maskulinoba-feminoba, romelic gviCvenebs ramdenad, pirobiTad rom vTqvaT, qaluria Tu mamakacuria esa Tu is kultura. maskulinur kulturebSi tradiciuli mamakacuri Rirebulebebi mTel sazogadoebas msWvalaven, da maT qalebic iziareben. amgvari kulturebisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia mamakacisa da qalis socialuri rolebis mkveTri gamijnva da normireba; arsebobs mamakacuri da qaluri profesiebi, saqmianoba da maTi aRreva dauSvebelia (magaliTad, qali ar unda ijdes saWesTan); qalis cxovreba ufro mkacradaa normirebuli, xolo wesis darRvevisaTvis mas ufro mZime sasjeli elis, vidre kacs; sazogadoebrivi faseulobani dakavSirebulia miRwevasTan, gmirobasTan, gamarjvebasTan; fasobs “yvelaze-yvelaze~ - yvelaze didi, yvelaze maRali da misT. msoflios ganviTarebul kulturebSi (gasagebia, rom preindustriul etapze myofi kulturebi IBM-s naklebad ainteresebda) maskulinobis yvelaze maRali indeqsi aRiniSna iaponiaSi; Semdeg, soliduri CamorCeniT, modian germanul-enovani kulturebi.
feminur kulturebSi dominanturi Rirebulebebia isini, romlebic tradiciulad qalis rols ukavSirdebian: Tavmdabloba, cxovrebis xarisxi (komforti da daculoba), daxmarebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT sustebis mimarT, mzadyofna, bunebriv garemoze zrunva, urTierToba fulze Zvirfasia, lamazia ara “yvelaze didi~, aramed patara da koxta. feminurobis maCvenebliT lideroben skandinaviis qveynebi da holandia (gavixsenoT, am qveynebis mosaxleobis didi nawili, ZiriTadad, mrisxane vikingebis STamomavlobas warmoadgens!).
yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebSi hofstedes gamokvleva ar Catarebula. miuxedavad amisa, mainc SeiZleba zogierTi daskvnis gakeTeba maskulinoba-feminurobis TvalsazrisiT. magaliTad, rusul kulturaSi yvelaze popularuli wmindanebi iyvnen ara rwmenisaTvis Tavdadebuli gmirebi, aramed udanaSaulo msxverplebi - borisi da glebi, ufliswuli dimitri. es ki feminuri niSania. amasTan, rusuli kulturisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli swrafva grandiozuli Senobebisa Tu proeqtebisadmi am kulturaSi Zlier maskulinur sawyiszedac miuTiebs. ase rom, “Sereuli~ kulturebic arsebobs.
Tu maskulinoba-feminobis TvalsazrisiT qarTul kultu-ras ganvixilavT, erTob rTuli suraTi warmogvidgeba. erTi SexedviT, Cveni kultura calsaxad maskulinuria - xelmZRvanel postebze mamakacebi bevrad sWarboben qalebs, ojaxSi biWis gaCena, Cveulebriv, ufro sasurvelia, qalebis cxovrebis normebi, gansakuTrebiT seqsis sferoSi, gacilebiT ufro mkacria; da saerTod, sazogadoebriv warmodgenaSi mamakaci ufro Wkviani da “srulyofili~ arsebaa, vidre qali.
magram Tu ufro Rrmad CavukvirdebiT, saqmis viTareba sxvagvarad warmogvidgeba. qarTul kulturaSi wamyvani Rirebulebaa urTierToba da ara saqme, rac feminuri niSania. Cveni erovnuli simbolo qalia – qarTlis deda, romelic, ar dagvaviwydes, mamakacuri atributebiTaa aRWurvili. yvelaze popularuli istoriuli figuraa - Tamar mefe. zogadad ki yvelaze mniSvnelovani da saTayvano socialuri roli saqarTveloSi aris deda (rasakvirvelia, dedis cneba sxva kulturebSic umniSvnelovanesia, magram saqarTveloSi mas mainc gansakuTrebuli datvirTva aqvs).
cnobilma fsiqologma erix fromma Semoitana “dedobrivi~ da “mamobrivi~ siyvarulis cneba. dedobrivi siyvaruli upiroboa – rogorc ar unda moiqces Svili, ra uaryofiTi Tvisebebi ar hqondes – mas ar emuqreba mSoblis siyvarulis dakargva an Tundac Sesusteba. mamobrivi siyvaruli ki ganpirobebulia – Tu Svili raRac pirobebs ar Seasrulebs, igi aRar eyvarebaT. siyvarulis aRwerili tipebi SeiZleba akavSirebdes ara marto mSoblebs da Svilebs, aramed nebismieri sqesisa da erTmaneTTan sxvadasxva damokidebulebaSi myof adamianebs – megobrebs, naTesavebs da a.S. fromis azriT, Tanamedrove dasavleTis bevri problema gansazRvrulia imiT, rom aq mamobrivma siyvarulma praqtikulad gandevna dedobrivi; urTierTobebi, maT Soris ojaxuri, formalizebulia, gulwrfeli grZnobebi ewireba karieris, saqmis moTxovnebs. qarTul kulturaSi saqme sawinaaRmdegodaa: “Cemiani~ yovelTvis marTalia, saqmis interesebi daqvemdebarebulia araformaluri urTierTobis normebs, erTi sityviT, dedobrivi tipis urTierTobebia gamefebuli.
dedobrivi tipis urTierTobaTa siWarbe qarTul kultu-raSi ganapirobebs bavSvis aRzrdis stils da am aRzrdis saboloo “produqtsac~. aRzrdis qarTuli stilisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia bavSi-saTvis maqsimaluri komfortisa da zrunvis atmosferos Seqmna, misi problemebis mogvareba mSoblebis mier, Svilis aRqma ara rogorc momavali suverenuli pirovnebisa, aramed mSoblebis ganuyofeli nawilisa. Sedegad bavSvebs da, Sesabamisad mozrdilebs, romlebadac iqcevian es bavSvebi, axasiaTebT nebelobis mkveTri deficiti. nebeloba fsiqikuri funqciaa, romlis meSveobiTac adamiani amJamad arasasurvel qcevas mimarTavs, an cnobierad iTmens gasaWirs, momavali jildos imediT (magaliTad, arcTu saintereso sagans swavlobs im rwmeniT, rom es momaval profesiul saqmianobaSi daexmareba). swored es Tviseba (romelic mamakacurad iTvleba) sruliad ar inergeba qarTuli tradiciuli, ojaxuri Tu saskolo, pedagogikis mier. es ki gansazRvravs bevr iseT problemebs, romlebic ase mZimed awevs dRevandel saqarTvelos. mTeli Cveni sazogadoeba, saSualo individiT Tu ojaxiT dawyebuli da saxelmwifos mmarTveli wreebiT damTavrebuli, orienti-rebulia dRevandel dReze da sruliad ar fiqrobs momavalze. ufro sworad, gvaqvs sakmaod bundovani rwmena, rom Tu raRac moxdeba, gamosavalic moiZebneba - vinme dagvexmareba, naTesavebi, megobrebi an amerika, - rogorc deda gvexmareboda bavSvobaSi.
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom qarTuli kultura infantilizmis, anu umwifarobis, bavSvurobis, daRiTaa aRbeWdili, da swored es gansazRvravs mamakacuri da qaluri niSnebis erTob ucnaur kombinacias Cvens sazogadoebaSi. aq unda veZioT dedis socialuri rolis, centraluri adgili Cvens cxovrebaSi. Cven gvsurs bavSvebad davrCeT, amisaTvis ki mudmivad gvWirdeba deda. xSirad qarTveli mamakaci colSic dedas eZiebs (rac zogjer seriozul konfliqts iwvevs namdvil dedasTan). saboloo jamSi ki viRebT Cveni cxovrebis wess: nominaluri lideri mamakacia, realuri ki - qali, ufro zustad ki deda. swored qali iRebs umeteswilad gadawyvetilebas, rogor daixarjos ojaxuri biujeti, sad iswavlos bavSvma, rogor daojaxdes... magram es xdeba ara marto ojaxis doneze - gavixsenoT, rogori gavleniT sargeblobdnen qveynis pirveli pirebis colebi, madam mJavanaZiT dawyebuli...
aRwerili viTareba araa jansaRi - sazogadoeba an maskulinuri unda iyos, an feminuri; infantilur sazogadoebas mxolod daqvemdebarebuli qveynis statusiT SeuZlia arseboba - swored amitom vcxovrobdiT ase udardelad sabWoTa kavSirSi. axla udardelad veRar vcxovrobT - da verc vicxovrebT veRarasodes. magram SegviZlia, rom ukeTesad vicxovroT - im SemTxvevaSi, Tu CavxedavT sakuTar Tavs, momavals SevxedavT da vipoviT CvenSi Zalas, SevcvaloT cxovrebis Cveuli wesi istoriis moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad.
gagas sxva statiebi Cem blogze:
IBM, mogexsenebaT, erT-erTi udidesi kompaniaa msoflioSi. misi filialebi da sawarmoebi xuTive kontinentis ramdenime aTeul qveyanaSia ganTavsebuli. maTi menejerebi, bunebrivia, sxvadasxva eris warmomadgenlebi arian, magram yvela maTgani standartul momzadebas gadioda programiT, romelic dafuZnebuli iyo amerikuli menejmentis Teoriisa da praqtikis saukeTeso miRwevebze. droTa ganmavlobaSi gamoikveTa damafiqrebeli faqti – amgvarad momzadebuli menejerebi gansxvavebul qveynebSi, gansxvavebuli warmatebiT uZRvebodnen sawarmoebs. cxadi gaxda, rom menejmentis amerikuli modeli universaluri araa; saqmis warmatebuli gaZRolisaTvis aucilebelia ama Tu im qveynis kulturuli Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswineba.
kompaniam ar daiSura saxsrebi da daafinansa socialuri fsiqologiis istoriaSi erT-erTiyvelaze masStaburi gamokvleva, romelsac saTaveSi Caudga holandieli mecnieri g. hofstede. gamokiTxul iqna aTiaTasobiT adamiani 60-ze met qveyanaSi, dagrovda uzarmazari informacia, romlis damuSavebis Sedegad hoftedem ara marto gamoaswora IBM-is “Camor-Cenili~ filialebis mdgomareoba (kvlevis Semdeg menejerTa momzadebis programaSi saTanado koreqtivebi Seitanes), aramed kulturis fsiqologias axali Teoriac SesTavaza. am Teoriis mixedviT, arsebobs oTxi e.w. “kulturuli ganzomileba~; saTanado statistikuri masalis damuSavebis Sedegad TiToeul maTganze ama Tu im kulturas miewereba garkveuli ricxviTi mniSvneloba, romelTa Tanafardoba gansazRvravs kulturis “profils~.
erT-erTi aseTi ganzomilebaa maskulinoba-feminoba, romelic gviCvenebs ramdenad, pirobiTad rom vTqvaT, qaluria Tu mamakacuria esa Tu is kultura. maskulinur kulturebSi tradiciuli mamakacuri Rirebulebebi mTel sazogadoebas msWvalaven, da maT qalebic iziareben. amgvari kulturebisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia mamakacisa da qalis socialuri rolebis mkveTri gamijnva da normireba; arsebobs mamakacuri da qaluri profesiebi, saqmianoba da maTi aRreva dauSvebelia (magaliTad, qali ar unda ijdes saWesTan); qalis cxovreba ufro mkacradaa normirebuli, xolo wesis darRvevisaTvis mas ufro mZime sasjeli elis, vidre kacs; sazogadoebrivi faseulobani dakavSirebulia miRwevasTan, gmirobasTan, gamarjvebasTan; fasobs “yvelaze-yvelaze~ - yvelaze didi, yvelaze maRali da misT. msoflios ganviTarebul kulturebSi (gasagebia, rom preindustriul etapze myofi kulturebi IBM-s naklebad ainteresebda) maskulinobis yvelaze maRali indeqsi aRiniSna iaponiaSi; Semdeg, soliduri CamorCeniT, modian germanul-enovani kulturebi.
feminur kulturebSi dominanturi Rirebulebebia isini, romlebic tradiciulad qalis rols ukavSirdebian: Tavmdabloba, cxovrebis xarisxi (komforti da daculoba), daxmarebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT sustebis mimarT, mzadyofna, bunebriv garemoze zrunva, urTierToba fulze Zvirfasia, lamazia ara “yvelaze didi~, aramed patara da koxta. feminurobis maCvenebliT lideroben skandinaviis qveynebi da holandia (gavixsenoT, am qveynebis mosaxleobis didi nawili, ZiriTadad, mrisxane vikingebis STamomavlobas warmoadgens!).
yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebSi hofstedes gamokvleva ar Catarebula. miuxedavad amisa, mainc SeiZleba zogierTi daskvnis gakeTeba maskulinoba-feminurobis TvalsazrisiT. magaliTad, rusul kulturaSi yvelaze popularuli wmindanebi iyvnen ara rwmenisaTvis Tavdadebuli gmirebi, aramed udanaSaulo msxverplebi - borisi da glebi, ufliswuli dimitri. es ki feminuri niSania. amasTan, rusuli kulturisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli swrafva grandiozuli Senobebisa Tu proeqtebisadmi am kulturaSi Zlier maskulinur sawyiszedac miuTiebs. ase rom, “Sereuli~ kulturebic arsebobs.
Tu maskulinoba-feminobis TvalsazrisiT qarTul kultu-ras ganvixilavT, erTob rTuli suraTi warmogvidgeba. erTi SexedviT, Cveni kultura calsaxad maskulinuria - xelmZRvanel postebze mamakacebi bevrad sWarboben qalebs, ojaxSi biWis gaCena, Cveulebriv, ufro sasurvelia, qalebis cxovrebis normebi, gansakuTrebiT seqsis sferoSi, gacilebiT ufro mkacria; da saerTod, sazogadoebriv warmodgenaSi mamakaci ufro Wkviani da “srulyofili~ arsebaa, vidre qali.
magram Tu ufro Rrmad CavukvirdebiT, saqmis viTareba sxvagvarad warmogvidgeba. qarTul kulturaSi wamyvani Rirebulebaa urTierToba da ara saqme, rac feminuri niSania. Cveni erovnuli simbolo qalia – qarTlis deda, romelic, ar dagvaviwydes, mamakacuri atributebiTaa aRWurvili. yvelaze popularuli istoriuli figuraa - Tamar mefe. zogadad ki yvelaze mniSvnelovani da saTayvano socialuri roli saqarTveloSi aris deda (rasakvirvelia, dedis cneba sxva kulturebSic umniSvnelovanesia, magram saqarTveloSi mas mainc gansakuTrebuli datvirTva aqvs).
cnobilma fsiqologma erix fromma Semoitana “dedobrivi~ da “mamobrivi~ siyvarulis cneba. dedobrivi siyvaruli upiroboa – rogorc ar unda moiqces Svili, ra uaryofiTi Tvisebebi ar hqondes – mas ar emuqreba mSoblis siyvarulis dakargva an Tundac Sesusteba. mamobrivi siyvaruli ki ganpirobebulia – Tu Svili raRac pirobebs ar Seasrulebs, igi aRar eyvarebaT. siyvarulis aRwerili tipebi SeiZleba akavSirebdes ara marto mSoblebs da Svilebs, aramed nebismieri sqesisa da erTmaneTTan sxvadasxva damokidebulebaSi myof adamianebs – megobrebs, naTesavebs da a.S. fromis azriT, Tanamedrove dasavleTis bevri problema gansazRvrulia imiT, rom aq mamobrivma siyvarulma praqtikulad gandevna dedobrivi; urTierTobebi, maT Soris ojaxuri, formalizebulia, gulwrfeli grZnobebi ewireba karieris, saqmis moTxovnebs. qarTul kulturaSi saqme sawinaaRmdegodaa: “Cemiani~ yovelTvis marTalia, saqmis interesebi daqvemdebarebulia araformaluri urTierTobis normebs, erTi sityviT, dedobrivi tipis urTierTobebia gamefebuli.
dedobrivi tipis urTierTobaTa siWarbe qarTul kultu-raSi ganapirobebs bavSvis aRzrdis stils da am aRzrdis saboloo “produqtsac~. aRzrdis qarTuli stilisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia bavSi-saTvis maqsimaluri komfortisa da zrunvis atmosferos Seqmna, misi problemebis mogvareba mSoblebis mier, Svilis aRqma ara rogorc momavali suverenuli pirovnebisa, aramed mSoblebis ganuyofeli nawilisa. Sedegad bavSvebs da, Sesabamisad mozrdilebs, romlebadac iqcevian es bavSvebi, axasiaTebT nebelobis mkveTri deficiti. nebeloba fsiqikuri funqciaa, romlis meSveobiTac adamiani amJamad arasasurvel qcevas mimarTavs, an cnobierad iTmens gasaWirs, momavali jildos imediT (magaliTad, arcTu saintereso sagans swavlobs im rwmeniT, rom es momaval profesiul saqmianobaSi daexmareba). swored es Tviseba (romelic mamakacurad iTvleba) sruliad ar inergeba qarTuli tradiciuli, ojaxuri Tu saskolo, pedagogikis mier. es ki gansazRvravs bevr iseT problemebs, romlebic ase mZimed awevs dRevandel saqarTvelos. mTeli Cveni sazogadoeba, saSualo individiT Tu ojaxiT dawyebuli da saxelmwifos mmarTveli wreebiT damTavrebuli, orienti-rebulia dRevandel dReze da sruliad ar fiqrobs momavalze. ufro sworad, gvaqvs sakmaod bundovani rwmena, rom Tu raRac moxdeba, gamosavalic moiZebneba - vinme dagvexmareba, naTesavebi, megobrebi an amerika, - rogorc deda gvexmareboda bavSvobaSi.
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom qarTuli kultura infantilizmis, anu umwifarobis, bavSvurobis, daRiTaa aRbeWdili, da swored es gansazRvravs mamakacuri da qaluri niSnebis erTob ucnaur kombinacias Cvens sazogadoebaSi. aq unda veZioT dedis socialuri rolis, centraluri adgili Cvens cxovrebaSi. Cven gvsurs bavSvebad davrCeT, amisaTvis ki mudmivad gvWirdeba deda. xSirad qarTveli mamakaci colSic dedas eZiebs (rac zogjer seriozul konfliqts iwvevs namdvil dedasTan). saboloo jamSi ki viRebT Cveni cxovrebis wess: nominaluri lideri mamakacia, realuri ki - qali, ufro zustad ki deda. swored qali iRebs umeteswilad gadawyvetilebas, rogor daixarjos ojaxuri biujeti, sad iswavlos bavSvma, rogor daojaxdes... magram es xdeba ara marto ojaxis doneze - gavixsenoT, rogori gavleniT sargeblobdnen qveynis pirveli pirebis colebi, madam mJavanaZiT dawyebuli...
aRwerili viTareba araa jansaRi - sazogadoeba an maskulinuri unda iyos, an feminuri; infantilur sazogadoebas mxolod daqvemdebarebuli qveynis statusiT SeuZlia arseboba - swored amitom vcxovrobdiT ase udardelad sabWoTa kavSirSi. axla udardelad veRar vcxovrobT - da verc vicxovrebT veRarasodes. magram SegviZlia, rom ukeTesad vicxovroT - im SemTxvevaSi, Tu CavxedavT sakuTar Tavs, momavals SevxedavT da vipoviT CvenSi Zalas, SevcvaloT cxovrebis Cveuli wesi istoriis moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad.
gagas sxva statiebi Cem blogze:
1.http://taktaka.blogspot.com/2006/03/qartuli-sazogadoeba-dres-adaptaciuri.html
2.http://taktaka.blogspot.com/2006/03/blog-post.html
3.http://taktaka.blogspot.com/2006/03/we-they-culture-and-conflict.html
4.http://taktaka.blogspot.com/2006/03/time-at-cinema-and-time-at-life.html
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